Visual Aids and Other Stuff


Visual aids are important tools for conveying your information to others. Some people remember what they hear, some people remember what they see, but most people remember best what they see and hear. Visual aids can assist your audience in organization your verbal material and focus their attention in the direction you want. Visuals make numerical tables simple and make new or complex ideas easier to comprehend. Visual aids can also be used by the speaker as notes to keep a presentation on track.

Visual aids support presentations and enhance communication. The visual aid of choose for a talk will depend on the size of the audience and the room you are speaking. Slides provide the best results if the audience totals 50 to several hundred.

Visual aids should contain "summary" information. Emphasize major points of your presentation; you will supply the details. Don't make your visual too "busy" to be read in a few seconds. Display your visual aid while you are talking about the information covered by it. Don't display your first point visual during a one minute introduction and distract your audience by making them wonder when you are going to get around to the visual aid point. Whenever possible, put your visual out of sight when you are finished with it. (blank sheet of paper, turn overhead off, put physical object out of sight, etc).

There are four main elements when using visual aids:

Organization - the audience must be able to follow our thoughts

Simplicity - Visual aids should be simple no matter how technical the subject

Clarity - Use a minimum of words to avoid crowding

Legibility - ensure that your audience can see the message you are conveying

Visual Aids:

show size and shape

provide a reference

simplify the complex

overcome time and space

Guidelines for using Visual Aids:

use only if necessary

make large enough

make simple

introduce beforehand

show only when ready

put out of sight when finished

speak to the audience, not the visual

don't let visuals dominate the speech

be careful of visual aids that require cords (don't trip)

pie charts show relative portions of a whole

bar charts are best for comparisons of magnitudes

line graphs are good for showing trends

use an "average" or goal line across charts for quick/easy comparisons

color areas of distinction

schematic drawings and flow diagrams are good for showing the essential part of an apparatus or equipment and the flow of materials used in a process

equations and formulas show reaction, differences in the structure, reaction mechanisms, etc
tables require interpretation and are less effective than graphics

Use of color
To understand the impact color makes, just remember the last time you watched a black and white television set.

Some good visibility combinations are:

Black on Yellow
Green on White
Blue on White
White on Blue
Yellow on Black
White on Red
White on Orange
Red on Yellow
Green on Red
Red on Green

Other Miscellaneous Visual Aid Tips


Guidelines for Handouts

Use headers and footers to identify the handout and its page numbers.

Maintain uniform margins.

Use bold lettering, spacing, indentation, and lines to "section" the handout so the reader can quickly find a particular section.

Slightly offset the handout to the right so binder hole-punches won't cut away your message.

When using staples, place the staple parallel to the way the reader will turn the pages.


Guidelines for Displays

The purpose of displays is to help introduce a theme or subject, to help set the tone of a presentation, or to give ideas or information. A display is a good way to introduce a talk, discussion, or demonstration. It provides an interesting and informative pre-opening activity for a presentation.

Place the display where people will pass by it to get to where they are going, not in an out of the way place.

If possible, use more than just a table surface. Use the walls and ceilings also.

Make it stimulating and challenging. Create an atmosphere with signs, streamers, and color. Use giveaways. Use attention getting devices such as pulling a string, a flashing light, peepholes, etc. to get the audience involved.

Make the material self-explanatory by labeling parts with cards containing clear, simple directions.

Cover the main points; omit details that may clutter or crowd the display.

Make the display as real as possible. Remember, displays are static and cannot talk. You must supply a voice.


Guidelines for Literature Exhibits

Arrange literature in a logical order, with a continuity that tells a story.

Encourage people to look through the literature. Avoid "Do Not Touch" signs.

Don't just lay a lot of books flat on a table. Use pegboards, book trees, easels. Use wire coathangers to make a book holder.

Feature the literature which relates to a particular session or presentation

Keep it simple and attractive.


Computer Datashow Guidelines

Make sure the projected image is large enough to be easily read.

Test all the colors your computer displays on the datashow. Many colors easily seen on the computer screen are impossible to see on the projected datashow image.

Check your lighting at the same time of day as your presentation will be made. Because datashow projections are dimmer than normal overheads, bright sunshine through a window can drastically alter the visibility of a datashow projection.

If you will need to use overheads in addition to your datashow, use two projectors. One for the datashow and one for the overheads. This is needed because the database show image is about one inch above the projection screen while the overhead rests on the screen. The different distance means each visual requires different focusing.

Use a pen on the datashow as a pointer just like you do for normal overhead use.


Meeting Notepad Guidelines

Plan ahead whenever possible. Just because you will "create" this notepad during the meeting does not mean you have to wait till the meeting to "design" it.

Use bold capital lettering for major points. Indent and use lower case lettering for sub-points.

Leave a couple of blank lines between major point groups.

Try to arrange your writing tablet so your audience can see the pad as you write. This way you will not need to be constantly moving the tablet. When a right handed presenter s sitting side by side with the audience, try to arrange the tablet and your audience on the right. When sitting across the table, turn your tablet so the audience can read as you write.


Guidelines for TV and VCR

Check your lighting at the same time of day as your presentation will be made. Bright sunshine alters room lighting and can limit visibility.

Know how to work the VCR and TV, manual and remote controls.

Arrive early and check the VCR-TV setup. Play a portion of your tape to ensure the tracking is correctly set.

Do not turn the volume up until the tape is playing.

Use enough intro. music to give you plenty of opportunity to set the volume level.


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